"A criminal charge is a formal accusation made by a governmental authority (usually a public prosecutor or the police) asserting that somebody has committed a crime. ...
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A charging document, which contains one or more criminal charges or counts, can take several forms, including:
complaintinformationindictmentcitationtraffic ticketThe charging document is what generally starts a criminal case in court. But the procedure by which somebody is charged with a crime and what happens when somebody has been charged varies from country to country and even, within a country, from state to state.
Before a person is proven guilty, the charge must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt." - (en.wikipedia.org 28.08.2020)